The article discusses the issues of a comprehensive approach in architectural design and construction to ensure the energy efficiency of buildings, the production of environmentally friendly building materials, taking into account the climate of the construction area, as well as economic aspects. The environmental safety of the thermal insulation materials used in the design is of fundamental importance for people's comfort and health. The article discusses the selection of environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials for "green" construction and the possibility of creating a closed-loop economy. The technical and environmental characteristics of thermal insulation materials are analyzed, and modern environmentally friendly materials that can be used in the design and construction of buildings and structures are listed. The key factors that determine the economic efficiency of buildings are listed.

Keywords: energy efficiency, environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials, environmental safety, green construction, and a circular economy

The article considers the influence of external noise sources on humans and the environment as an environmental factor and ways to combat noise. The aim of the work is to study the external enclosing structures of residential buildings, the facades of which are oriented to a noisy highway on the example of residential complexes of the city of Rostov-on-Don and noise screens installed on the highway along the residential development of the city of Bataysk, Rostov region. A practical method of measuring the noise level using a noise meter is used. Acoustic measurements of the noise level were carried out, which made it possible to conclude about the effectiveness of the noise protection structures provided. It has been experimentally established that noise-proof structures reduce the sound pressure level to an acceptable level. When designing residential buildings, a simultaneous calculation of noise protection and thermal protection of buildings is necessary, determining the materials, the design of the outer wall, the thickness of the insulation layer and the choice of noise-proof windows. To improve the noise ecology near residential buildings and federal highways, it is recommended to use modern technologies for the construction of noise screens. According to the research results, it can be concluded about the effectiveness of the use of noise screens during their continuous construction along the highway.

Keywords: noise, noise protection, noise shield, noise-proof structures, sound power level, sound insulation, ecology