The article is devoted to the scientific and methodological foundations of the development of compositions of composite materials specifically designed to significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties of substrates and road coverings of highways, various products and structures. The fundamental principles underlying the creation of an optimal structure of composite materials are described in detail, which contributes to a significant increase in strength, reliability and longer service life of structures. In addition, an analysis of modern methods for optimizing the composition of composites is given, special attention is paid to the importance of taking into account the specifics of interphase interactions between components and the distribution of filler particles inside the matrix. Practical approaches are described and examples of successful application of the principles and the potential of the solutions obtained are given. The key role of mathematical modeling and experiments, which are an integral part of effective formulation selection and optimization of composite properties, is highlighted separately. The main provisions of all the methods under consideration are the competent selection of high-quality starting materials, the correct determination of the optimal granulometric composition of the mineral components of mixtures, the accurate calculation of the required amount of binders, as well as strict control over the compliance of the designed characteristics with the planned indicators, which guarantees the receipt of high-quality and reliable substrates and coatings for highways, products and structures.

Keywords: building composites, composition, design, development, technology, modeling, property management, optimization, road clothing

This article discusses the ways and methods of modifying bitumen with crumb rubber obtained from used recycled car tires. A method for modifying bitumen with crumb rubber in a two-stage technological process is proposed. The main modifiers are considered, the analysis of data from literature sources on the modification of bitumen with polymers to improve the physical and mechanical properties is given. Own research data on the modification of bitumen with crumb rubber are presented. The main conclusions are made, the analysis of the results obtained, and recommendations are made for the further use of bitumen modified with crumb rubber in a two-stage technological process.

Keywords: crumb rubber, bitumen, modification, polymer, improvement, quality, recycling, analysis, research